Do solar panels need lightning protection? The short answer is: it depends on your location, system size, and local lightning activity-but most systems benefit from some level of protection.
Annex D of IEC 62305-3 deals specifically with the protection of photovoltaic installations. It covers in particular the positioning of PV panels in protection zones, the separation distances to be observed between down conductors and DC cables, and the rules for grounding chassis.
In general, solar panels should be installed so the sunlight hits them at as close to a perpendicular 90-degree angle for as long as possible during the day.
Permitting and inspection are required before a solar array is allowed to produce electricity on the grid. Generally, local governments require solar installers to obtain a permit for rooftop panels before they can be installed.
For standard PV power stations, grounding resistance should be below 4 ohms; for large-scale PV power stations or areas with frequent lightning, it should be below 1 ohm.
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